11.●abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂 abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒
　　abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权
　　12. accept vt.
　　accept the gift /invitation /plan accept sb/sth as…
　　13.●access n.方法，通路，机会
　　The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.
　　Only high officials have access to the emperor.
　　We students have access to the school library.
　　accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的
　　Such information is not easily accessible to the public.
　　14. accident n.事故，意外的事
　　by accident/chance 偶然，无意中;不小心
　　15. ●accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏 accompany sb. to the school/ supermarket
　　accompany the singer on / at the piano Lightening usually accompanies thunder.

　　21. achieve vt 达到;取得 achievement n 成就
　　achieve success/victory/one’s goal;
　　22.◎achievement n. 成就，业绩;完成(任务等) make great achievements
　　23.●acknowledge v. 承认，致谢
　　It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.
　　Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China.
　　I acknowledged financial support from the local government.
　　24. across prep cross v. I walked across the street.; cross a street; come/run across碰到
　　25. act n.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事
　　act as 充当;扮演 act out 把…表演出来

　　26. action n. 行动 take action to do sth put sth into action 把…付诸实施
　　27. active adj. 积极的;主动的 take an active part in /be active in 积极参加
　　28.◎activity n. 活动 outdoor activities 户外运动
　　29.actual a.实际的 actually adv. in (actual) fact 实际上
　　30●adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编 vt. 使适应 adapt to change /the city life
　　adapt oneself to the new surroundings adapt the novel for a film adaptation n. 适应

　　35. admit vt (admitted ,admitted)
　　1) 承认 admit one’s mistakes; admit doing/having done
　　He admitted having stolen the money.
　　2) 准许(入场，入学，入会) admit sb to /into→sb be admitted to
　　He has been admitted to Beijing University.
　　36.●adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳
　　adopt a child the adopted son/ daughter
　　adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude
　　37. advance vi推进，促进;前进 adj. advanced 先进的/ 高级的
　　in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker

　　44. against prep 对着，反对, 靠着，迎着，衬着
　　stand against the wall (靠墙站着) go against nature; be against sth 反对
　　They are strongly against the plan. The pine tree were black against the morning sky.
　　45. age n.年龄;时代 vi. 变老 for ages 多年; at an early age; at the age of … ;
　　of the same age=of an age After his wife’s death he aged quickly.

　　46. agree vi. 同意;应允
　　1)agree with ① agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.
　　②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”：
　　The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。
　　A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.
　　What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。
　　2)agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .
　　3)agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：
　　We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。
　　Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。
　　4) agree to do sth He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。
　　5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement 6) I can’t/couldn’t agree more.

　　51. alive a. 活着的，存在的 catch …alive 活捉 keep…alive be alive with= be full of
　　The lake was alive with fish. Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)
　　52. allow v 准许，允许 allow doing/ sb to do
　　allow for 把 考虑进去 Has everything been allowed for in your plan?
　　53. almost adv几乎，差不多
　　Almost no one/nobody came to the party. There was almost no snow that winter.
　　54. alone adj/adv 单独的 孤独的
　　1) 形容词She is alone at home. (她独自一人在家。)
　　2) 副词I like to work alone. (我喜欢独自一人工作。)
　　3) “只有，仅仅”， The shoes alone cost $200. ※ let /leave sb /sth alone 别打扰

　　let alone 更不用说
　　★ lonely
　　1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的” a lonely man / island.
　　2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely ※ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
　　55. aloud ad.大声地 read aloud/ think aloud
　　56. ◎amaze vt. 使惊奇，惊叹;震惊
　　What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.
　　It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.
　　amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊讶的 amazing adj.令人惊奇的，惊叹的;震惊的
　　I’ m ___ that you have never heard of the Rolling Stones.
　　It’s ____ how often you see drivers using mobile phones.

　　57. ◎ amount n. 数额(尤指数量，大小等) a large amount of +u/n
　　large amounts of +u/n v. (数量，意义等) 等同，相当于 amount to
　　1) (数量上)达到，总计
　　Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为
　　2)等于，意味着
　　Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。
　　58. ● amuse vt. 使快乐，逗乐amuse sb. 使…高兴 The funny drawings amused the kids.
　　be amused by/at/ with 被…逗乐 amuse oneself 自娱自乐
　　The boys amused themselves by drawing. amusement n. to one’s amusement

　　61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布
　　announce a decision / plan/ intention announce sth to sb announce that
　　At the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached.
　　make an announcement
　　62.◎announcement n. 通告，通知
　　63.◎annoy vt. (使)烦恼 be annoyed with sb.for (at) sth.
　　What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.
　　annoyed adj. 略感烦恼(生气)的 annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的
　　It’s _____that we didn’t know about this before.令人恼火的事，我们事先并不知道这一切
　　Mr Davies was ____that the books were missing.戴维斯先生生气了，因为那些书不见了。

　　68. ●appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求
　　The design has appealed to people of all ages. I appeal to you to protect the environment.
　　have/ hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力 lose one’s appeal 失去吸引力
　　69. appear 1) vi. 出现，露面 The man suddenly ______ from behind the tree scared me.
　　2) 系动词 似乎，好像 appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎
　　It appears (to sb) that /as if He appeared to be happy in the news.
　　It appears to me that he will win
　　It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。
　　Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。

　　74. appointment n.
　　make an appointment 约定、会 his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命
　　75. ◎appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激 appreciate your concern appreciate doing sth
　　appreciate your abilities/ fine works of art I’d appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.
　　76. ◎approach 1). v. 接近;靠近;走进
　　As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.
　　I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching.
　　2). n. 接近;方法;途径;通路
　　He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling.
　　His approach to the problem are wrong. All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.
　　77. ●approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准 approve of 赞成，同意 approve of one’s idea
　　He doesn’t approve of my leaving this year. approve the plan/ proposal 通过计划/ 提议
　　approval n.

　　101. avoid doing
　　102. awake v. 唤醒;(awoke/ awoken) Is he awake or asleep? awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到
　　It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation. adj 醒着的be wide awake
　　103. award n. v.
　　104. aware be aware of
　　105. away adv离开;远离 keep away from 保持距离; far away 在远处
　　right away 立刻，马上; give away 泄露，赠送
　　106. awful
　　adj.可怕的; 糟糕的; 非常的; 极坏的;
　　adv.非常，极;